There is a single archaeological record of this species from a roman site, and it was recorded in the historic period by 1597. Centaurea behen, centaurea calcitrapa 16, 17 this family of plants were. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Centaurea calcitrapa habitus 2010717 sierradealfacar. Centaurea calcitrapa purple starthistle this plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below. Members of the genus are found only north of the equator, mostly in the eastern hemisphere. Centaurea plant growing guide cornflower, knapweed.
Plants should be rapidly growing at time of treatment. In the present study, methanolic and aqueous extracts of three species of centaurea l. Erect, divaricately branched annual, herb, to 1 m high. Pdf flavonoids of the exudate of centaurea calcitrapa. Purification, cloning and autoproteolytic processing of an.
Leaves become less divided toward the apex of the plant. Foliage the stems and leaves are covered with fine hairs. Centaurea calcitrapa profile california invasive plant. The aerial parts of centaurea calcitrapa yielded cnicin, cnicin 4. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. Here we report a fulllength cdna clone encoding an ap named cenprosin from the flowers of centaurea calcitrapa l. Appearance centaurea calcitrapa is a biennial to perennial plant. Each plant profile in the database contains nomenclature info, botanical data, plant description, large, highresolution pictures, images and photos of the plants and its parts.
It is in flower from july to september, and the seeds ripen from august to october. Purple starthistle invades pastures, meadows, and fields, displacing native andor beneficial forage species. There are many commonly grown garden plants that belong to the centaurea genus, these include but are not limited to cornflower, bachelors buttons, basket flower, knapweed, ragged robin, and sweet sultan the variety means that the genus contains plants that are hardy annuals. It is native to europe but is rarely found there, it is known across the globe as an introduced species and often a noxious weed. General information about centaurea calcitrapa cenca. Purple starthistle centaurea calcitrapa distribution 2016 no known infestations present but extent unknown eradicated no data or insufficient data no warranty is made by wsda as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of this data for individual or aggregate use with other data. Centaurea calcitrapa is a species of flowering plant known by several common names, including purple starthistle and red starthistle. Purple starthistle centaurea calcitrapa is found along the west coast, in the southwest, and in scattered eastern states.
For example, in turkey, dried flowers of centaurea cyanus are used in infusion to relieve. Cindy roche for contributing photographs and draw ings. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. It is well adapted to a range of temperature and moisture regimes.
Family asteraceae queensland, new south wales, the act, victoria, tasmania, western australia and the northern territory compositae south australia common names augusta thistle, caltrop, caltrops. Pages in category centaurea the following 50 pages are in this category, out of 50 total. Centaurea calcitrapa in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. Usda, ars, germplasm resources information network. The genus of centaurea asteraceae species had been of keen interest in phytochemical and biological researches. Centaurea calcitrapa cencaoverview eppo global database. Provides authoritative information on the flora of western australia. Pdf toxicity studies aim to identify the harmful effects of chemical, biological and physical agents in biological system that establishes the. It occurs on waste ground and tracksides, in dry grasslands and on. Invasive plants of californias wildlands centaurea calcitrapa. In addition, users can learn about the location of vouchered specimens and see images to get a better visual for each plant. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in.
The record derives from tica which reports it as an accepted name record 066f0253764546c4b5ab94eaeb8cc757 with original publication details. Purple starthistle centaurea calcitrapa distribution 2018 no known infestations present but extent unknown eradicated no data or insufficient data no warranty is made by wsda as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of this data for individual or aggregate use with other data. Pdf essential oil composition of centaurea calcitrapa l. Purple starthistle is a close relative of yellow starthistle and is primarily a biennial plant that sometimes acts as an annual or a shortlived perennial. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. Centaurea calcitrapa plant assessment form california. The species name calcitrapa comes from the word caltrop, a type of weapon covered in sharp spikes. Many species of the genus centaurea have been reported to be used in anatolian folk medicine. All three types are prolific nectar producers that attract butterflies. Plant aspartic proteinases aps have been isolated from several seed and leaf sources but the only well characterized enzymes from flowers are cardosins and cyprosins from cardoon, cynara cardunculus l. Centaurea calcitrapa online atlas of the british and irish flora. Centaurea calcitrapa is used infusion as a febrifuge. Applicability of extracts from centaurea calcitrapa in. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page.
Centaurea calcitrapa name synonyms calcitrapa hybrida sweet, 1826 calcitrapa lanceolata lam. Purple star thistle national invasive species information center. The lamina, main vein and peduncle anatomical properties of centaurea sadleriana janka plants from two populations, were examined using. Yellow starthistle centaurea solstitialis invasive. Centaurea calcitrapa scientific name centaurea calcitrapa l. In the western united states, yellow starthistles are an invasive species. Water stress and damage caused by puccinia jaceae on two. Prized for its blue petals, the centaurea plant group includes annual species such as bachelors button and cornflowers, and a perennial plant commonly called mountain bluet.
Washington state noxious weed control board external link centaurea brochure 316 kb. Centaurea calcitrapa is a species of flowering plant known by several common names. For more information on noxious weed regulations and definitions, see noxious weed lists and laws. Centaurea calcitrapa common star thistle, red starthistle.
Lower and basal leaves are divided or deeply lobed. Centaurea calcitrapa uc weed research and information center. Biology and biological control of yellow starthistle bugwoodcloud. Chemical constituents, cytotoxic, antifungal and antimicrobial. Cabezuela floral ambiente suburbano, madrid, ribera izq. Flower head, closeup of yellow starthistle centaurea solstitialis. This page was last edited on 26 october 2019, at 21. Centaurea calcitrapa is a biennial to perennial plant. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above.
Plants profile for centaurea calcitrapa red starthistle. The essential oil of the aerial parts of centaurea calcitrapa from algeria was obtained by steam distillation in yield 0. Centaurea calcitrapa red starthistle centaurea calcitrapoides. Centaurea calcitrapa online atlas of the british and. Wildflowers, nps, samo nra centaurea calcitrapa detail page. Postemergence when plants are still in rosettes but before flower stems elongate.
The new york flora atlas is a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state, as well as information on plant habitats, associated ecological communities, and taxonomy. Purple starthistle is native to the mediterranean region, southern europe and northern africa. Centaurea calcitrapa photo courtesy joseph ditomaso. Centaurea calcitrapa health effects and herbal facts. Centaurea species may produce allelopathic effects and. Sunflower family asteraceae adobe acrobat reader download pdf version formatted for print 106 kb. The plants database includes the following 37 species of centaurea.
Download fulltext pdf flavonoids of the exudate of centaurea calcitrapa article pdf available in chemistry of natural compounds 514 july 2015 with 259 reads. As a vivacious latespring and early summer bloomer with the casual growth habit of wildflowers, centaurea suits cottage gardens, wildflower. Aqueous extracts obtained from cell suspension cultures of centaurea calcitrapa were used as proteolytic additive in the manufacture of a commercial bovine cheese, coagulated with animal rennet and typically ripened for 28 d. Anatomical characteristics and antioxidant ability of centaurea. Pdf acute toxicity study of centaurea calcitrapa extract having. Purple starthistle centaurea calcitrapa life historyidentification. This is the profile for the plant centaurea calcitrapa red starthistle maltese name not known. Centaurea calcitrapa centaurea iberica purple and iberian. Sesquiterpene lactones and lignans from centaurea species. Centaurea plant family asteraceae in egypt against mdrb. Dicamba is a broadleafselective herbicide often combined with other active ingredients. Centaurea calcitrapa is a species of flowering plant known by several common names, including red starthistle and purple starthistle. Plant pest risk assessment for purple starthistle, centaurea calcitrapa sep 2010 pdf 2.
How to grow centaurea plants in your garden gardeners hq guide to growing cornflower, knapweed, and basket flower. Centaurea calcitrapa in australia using climate pheloung, 1995 is permitted entry to australia. Brief description amanda spooner, friday 3 september 1999. The cheese was assessed in comparison to standard cheese for two levels of addition of said extract, viz. Department of agriculture agricultural research service.